The only way to balance the distances between runners in a trotting race is to get the better ones to run a longer distance than their rivals.

Champion.

When two (or more) horses cannot be distinguished at the finish line photo, they are declared to be in a dead-heat.

Said of a horse which runs with horses of a class inferior to its own.

If a trotter gallops and goes off stride, it is disqualified for irregular gait by the stewards for unauthorized gait (gallop, walk, pace, racking, etc), or for having reached the Post (while using gallop during the last strides).   

Distance separating the runners at the finish, measured in terms of length, neck, head, and nose.

The rider in the sulky in harness events.

Starting method used for some trotting races.

Written action by which the owner enters his horse in a race.

Runner that fell back in the course of the race. It may have faltered for having bothered adversaries, or taking the clearance track, breaking into an unauthorized gait, etc.

The official who declares the winner and placed horses in a race. The judge also interprets any photo finishes and ranks the horses in the order of the official finish.